Health Outcome HO.9 Leading causes of death by years of life lost by neighborhood

Leading causes of death by years of life lost (YLL) by Zip Code, San Francisco, 2004
Health outcomes 94102 94103 94107 94108 94109 94110 94112 94114 94115 94116 94117 94118 94121 94122 94123 94124 94127 94131 94132 94133 94134 Homeless*
Alcohol use 5 3     8             10 7 9               4
Alzheimer/other dementia disease                   7                        
Breast cancer     3         8 5       8 7               10
Cerebrovascular disease     8 2 4 5 2   4 2 7 1 3 3 4 5 3 5 3 2 4  
Cirrohosis of liver 10 9       8   6                            
Colon/rectum cancer       6         7     7 9   7   6 4 5      
COPD   10   8 7     7   9   9     9 9 4 7   7 8  
Diabetes 8   10     6       10 9               7     9
Drug use 9 4           10                           8
Endocrine Dis.               9             8           10  
Falls                                       9    
Hepatitis B and C                                           5
HIV/AIDS 2 1 7   3 2   1 2 3 1         4   1   8 5 1
Hypertensive heart disease 4 6   5 6   7       8   4 10     7     3 9  
Ischemic heart disease 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 3 2 1 1 1 2 2 3 1 1 1 2
Leukemia                 6                   2      
Liver cancer       9                   6       6   6    
Lower respiratory infection     4 3 10   9   8 6 10 6 10   10              
Lymphoma/multiple myeloma                     5           9 10       7
Mouth/oro-pharyng.cancers                                           6
Nephritis/nephrosis                               7            
Other cardiovascular disease       7 9 10 6     8   3   5 6 8     8 10 6  
Other digestive diseases               10       8                    
Other congenital anomalies                               10     10      
Other neuro-psych. disorder                   5                        
Other perinatal conditions                             5              
Other unintentional injury                                     9      
Pneumonia                                            
Poisonings 3   6   5 7   5 10   6 5   8   6            
Prostate cancer       10                                    
Self-inflicted injury   8 2     9 8 3 9   2   6 4 2   10     5 7 3
Stomach cancer                                 5          
Trach/bronch/lung cancer 6 7 5 4 2 4 3 4   4 4 4 5 2 3 3 1 2 4 4 3  
Traffic accidents     9       5           2         8        
Violence 7 5       3 4   3             1 8 9 6   2  
*includes 94106 [1 death in 2004], 94120 [1 death], 94129 [8 deaths], and residents with no residential zip identified
Data source: CA Master Death Files, CA Dept. of Health Services 2004 files). Deaths are San Francisco residential deaths.
YLLs: Years of Life Lost (based on WHO Global Burden of Disease (1996) life expectancies.)
Neighborhood and Zip Code Pairs
Hayes Valley/Tenderloin/North of Market 94102 Castro/Noe Valley 94114 Marina 94123
South of Market 94103 Western Addition/Japantown 94115 Bayview-Hunters Point 94124
Potrero Hill 94107 Parkside/Forest Hill 94116 St. Francis Wood/Miraloma/West Portal 94127
Chinatown 94108 Haight-Ashbury 94117 Twin Peaks-Glen Park 94131
Polk/Russian Hill (Nob Hill) 94109 Inner Richmond 94118 Lake Merced 94132
Inner Mission/Bernal Heights 94110 Outer Richmond 94121 North Beach/Chinatown 94133
Ingelside-Excelsior/Crocker-Amazon 94112 Sunset 94122 Visitacion Valley/Sunnydale 94134

Data Source

Data are compiled by Building a Healthier San Francisco - 2007 Community Health Assessment.  Available at Health Matters in San Francisco, www.healthmattersinsf.org.

Table data is presented by zip code. Detailed information regarding geographic units of analysis, their definitions, and their boundaries can be found in the HDMT at the following links:

http://www.thehdmt.org/etc/Geographic_Units_of_Analysis.September_2009.pdf
http://www.thehdmt.org/data_map_methods.php

Explanation and Limitations

From the "Health Matters in SF" website:  "YLLs, Years of Life Lost, are calculated from the life expectancies of some standard population.  In this case we used the o­ne used by the 1996 World Health Organization (WHO) Global Burden of Disease and Injury study.......This population represents o­ne with a long life expectancy, and is therefore an empirically attainable life expectancy. Years of life lost (YLLs) for each death are the difference between the age at death and the life expectancy in the standard population at that age. As such, YLLs give much greater weight to deaths the earlier they occur. These earlier deaths are generally more preventable, so this measure combines numbers of deaths with degree of prematurity (or preventability) of deaths. One of the United States Healthy People 2010 goals is extending the length of healthy life. Decreasing numbers of YLLs reflects part of this goal in that it involves either decreasing the number of deaths or increasing the age at death, both major goals of prevention and promoting the public’s health.

YLLs can be calculated without current population numbers by age needed to calculate age-adjusted rates. It is useful to calculate and examine leading causes of YLLs within groups over time. Since YLLs are not adjusted for differences in the size and age structure of the different ethnic populations, numbers of YLLs cannot be directly compared across these groups."  For more information, visit:  www.healthmattersinsf.org.

Zip code level data should be interpreted with caution as they comprise a larger geographic area than neighborhood planning areas, census tracts and block groups. These units of analysis differ in important ways, including socioeconomic heterogeneity and stability.